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1. Effect of alcoholic extracts of plants, Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian plant) and Ocimum sanctum (Indian plant) described earlier as anti-stress agents was studied on the changes in central neurotransmitter (adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, 5-hydroxytrypamine) levels and enzyme (monoamine oxidase) activity in the brain induced by stressors. 2. Two kinds of stressors were used, 5 hours swimming in mice and 2 hours gravitational stress in rats. 3. There was an increase in the levels of dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and decrease in adrenaline (A) noradreneline (NA) and monoamine oxidase (MOA) in stressed animals. 4. Both anti-stress drugs prevented the decrease in A, NA, MAO and 5-HT. The increase in DA was facilitated. 5. Prevention and facilitation of changes in brain neurotransmitters and enzymes by anti-stress agents appear to enhance the stress-adaptation phenomenon for better coping of the organism during stressful situations.

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1. Petroleum ether extract of Ricinus communis exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity against (Formaldehyde and adjuvant induced rat's paw arthritis). 2. R-communis (150 mg/kg po) exhibited no significant analgesic activity. 3. R-communis was safe upto a dose of 1 g/kg po in rats.

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1. Purified aqueous extract of Datura mete1 dry seeds was applied on GLC. An alkaloid was detected with high retention time which was different from atropine, hyoscine and hyoscyamine. 2. Mass spectrometry showed similar molecular weight of the identified alkaloid as in hyoscine. 3. Infra red spectroscopy formulated the chemical configuration (C20H17O2N) of the identified alkaloid.

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1. The effect of two antiepileptic agents valproic acid and carbamazepine was studied on learning and memory in rats. 2. Valproic acid in doses of 100, 200 & 400 mg/kg significantly inhibited learning and adversely affected memory retention. 3. Carbamazepine in the two doses studied 10 & 20 mg/kg significantly decreased learning but did not affect memory.

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1. The hepatoprotective activity of picroliv, the active standardised fraction of Picrorhiza kurrooa, was evaluated against alcohol -CC14 induced liver damage in rat at the doses of 3, 6 and 12 mg/kg/day, p. o. for 7 days. 2. It showed a significant dose dependent hepatoprotective activity as evidenced by lowering of the elevated levels of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate dehydrogenase and bilirubin in the serum of alcohol-CC14 treated rats. 3. The depleted glycogen content of liver was also restored significantly. , 4. The activity of picroliv was compared with that of silymarin a known hepatoprotective agent.

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1. Effect of administration of Ayurveda drugs Nisakathakathi Kashayam (NK) and Rasnairandadi Kashayam (RK) and its mixture (2: 1 V/V) in a dose of 1 ml/kg body weight/day in normal, diabetic, diabetic hypertensive and diabetic hyper-cholesterolemic rabbits were studied. 2. No toxic reaction was observed in mice on administration of NK and RK. RK and the mixture of NK and RK caused decrease in the blood pressure of diabetic hypertensive rabbits, 3. RK increased acetylcholine induced spasm but NK did not. 4. NK showed +ve inotropic effect whereas RK first showed a cardiac arrest followed by a +ve inotropic effect. 5. NK contains 35 gm% total solid, 0.19 gm% total alkoloid and no zinc and copper. Whereas RK contains only 6.8 gm% total solid 0.32 gm% total alkaloid, 3.52 ppm copper and 1.87 ppm zinc. 6. Administration of NK and RK and its mixture to experimental rabbits decreased fasting blood glucose and serum cholesterol and the effect was more significant in the case of mixture.

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1. The present study was designed to evaluate the role of Liv-52 in carbon tetrachloride induced liver toxicity. 2. Three groups of 10 rats each were subjected to experimental study. Animals in Group 2 and 3 were injected S.C. with 0.2 ml of Ccl4 mixed in 0.2 ml of groundnut oil twice a week for 6 weeks. Animals in Group 3 also received 0.5 ml of Liv-52 syrup everyday in addition to Ccl4 treatment. Group I animals were injected only with 0.2 ml of groundnut oil, twice a week. 3. Serum acid and alkaline phosphatase, AST and ALT activities were significantly increased in CCI4 treated rats. Pretreatment with Liv-52 prevented the rise in the enzyme levels.

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1. In the present study there was no significant reduction in incidence of diarrhoea with the administration of ampicillin + lactobacillus combination as compared to ampicillin alone. 2. None of the 20 patients suffered diarrhoea following amoxycillin administration.

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1. Fifty two patients suffering from dcrmatophytoses were Treated with Topical ciclopiror olamine 1% cream for 4 weeks. 2. 80.8% cure rate was observed in cases of T. corporis, T. cruris, T. pedis, T. manum and mixed type. 3. The fungi isolated from the cured patients included Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton floccosum.

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1. Accidental ingestion of about 40-50 ml of 2% Homatropine hydrobromide solution is reported. 2. Patient presented with predominant peripheral and minimal central anticholinergic effects. 3. Management was supportive and symptomatic.

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1. Pharmacokinetics of Antipyrine (AP), (Single oral dose, 20 mg/kg) was studied during long-term treatment with anti-tubercular therapy. 2. Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) with two main-line drugs i.e. Rifampin (RLF) and Isoniazid (INH) was given over a period of 45 days. AP was measured on 0, 25 and 50th day of the treatment. 3. In controls (without ATT) there was no significant difference observed at 0, 25 and 50th day in the mean plasma concentration, t1/2, Cl, Kel and AUCO 0-( 4. In test group, the mean plasma concentration was significantly decreased on the 25th day as compared to the 0 day level. 5. The Plasma half-life, clearance, elimination rate constant area under the plasma concentration time curve was found to be statistically significant on 25th day as compared to 0 day levels. No significant difference was observed between 25th and 50th day.

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1. Tissue gentamicin concentration were determined in buffalo calves following intravenous administration of 5 mg kg-l. 2. Kidneys exhibited highest drug concentration relative to other tissues.

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1. We have analysed Theory examination papers in Pharmacology of the University of Bombay. Paper from April 1980 to October 1989 were analysed to determine the emphasis on various content areas as well as on individual items within content areas. 2. Whilst Chemotherapy and Endocrines have consistently received adequate weightage, in case of Cardiovascular System, Central Nervous System and Autonomic Nervous System the weightage has varied considerably in various examinations.

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