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| ABSTRACTS |
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| Year : 2011 | Volume
: 43
| Issue : 7 | Page : 201-203 |
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Gufic Prize Paper Abstracts
| Date of Web Publication | 13-Dec-2011 |
Correspondence Address:
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
How to cite this article:
. Gufic Prize Paper Abstracts. Indian J Pharmacol 2011;43, Suppl S1:201-3 |
Gufic Prize -1
To study the effects of Indian medicinal plants on intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction in an animal model of obstructive jaundice
Malhi HM , Deogharkar AR, Gohil KR, Kamat SK, Rege NN
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital Parel, Mumbai - 400 012, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: Intestinal mucosal barrier failure is the leading cause of morbidity. Considering limited efficacy of currently available drugs, a search for new agents strengthening this barrier is warranted. This study was undertaken to evaluate effects of Aegle marmelos (Am) and Punica granatum (Pg) on intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction observed in obstructive jaundice in rats. Materials and Methods: After obtaining Animal Ethics Committee approval, obstructive jaundice was induced in 24 Wistar rats (either sex, 150-250 grams) by ligating the common bile duct. They were then divided into following groups to receive either 2ml distilled water (Gp II) or 0.75mg/kg Glutamine which served as positive control (Gp III) or 0.27 g/kg Am (Gp IV) and 3.2 g/kg Pg (Gp V). 6 animals underwent sham operation to receive 2ml distilled water (Gp I). Drugs/vehicle were administered orally daily for 10 days. On Day11, bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes, jejunal and ileal villous morphology and villous heights were assessed. Results: The rats with obstructive jaundice showed increased translocation of bacteria (4/6) with blunted and ridged villi (58.45%, P<0.01). Their villous height was decreased (P<0.01). Glutamine prevented the bacterial translocation. It increased the number of finger like villi (50.12%, P<0.01) and villous height (P<0.05). Both Am and Pg decreased bacterial translocation. Both prevented blunting of villi (P<0.01) and preserved villous heights (P<0.01 and P<0.001 for Am and Pg respectively). Their results were comparable to glutamine for bacterial translocation and preservation of heights. Conclusion: Thus, both Am and Pg maintained the intestinal mucosal barrier.
Gufic Prize -2
Neuroprotective activity of Cymbopogon martinii against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress in rats
Sharma Tejas , Buch Prakruti, Ranpariya Vishavas, Patel Vishal, Navin Sheth, Sachin Parmar
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot - 360 005, Gujarat, India
Objectives: In the present study, we evaluated neuroprotective actions of essential oil of Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Watson. (EOCM) against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced oxidative stress in rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar albino rats of either sex (150-200 gm) were divided into six groups of eight rats each and fed with drug or vehicle for 10 days prior to the experiment. Animals were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery (BCCA) occlusion followed by reperfusion for 60 minutes. The brain from different treated and standard groups were homogenized for biochemical estimations and histopathological studies. Results: The results of the present study revealed neuroprotective activity of EOCM. The animals from I/R group exhibited significant increase in LPO levels, where as significant decrease in all the other enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters such as SOD, CAT, GSH and total thiols. The animals from EOCM-treated groups had shown a significant protection by reducing the elevated levels of LPO (P< 0.001) and marked increase in SOD (P< 0.001), CAT (P< 0.01), GSH (P< 0.001) and total thiols (P< 0.001) levels as compared to I/R-treated group (Saline + I/R group). The histopathology of brain revealed significant decrease in cerebral infarction area in the EOCM-treated groups as compared to negative control group especially in caudal and rostral side. Conclusions: Our study, for the first time, shows potent neuroprotective activity of EOCM. Further studies are required to pursue the interesting leads emerging from the present results to exploit the full therapeutic potential of EOCM for neuroprotection.
Gufic Prize -3
Evaluation of the chemopreventive potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Butea monosperma flowers in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced colorectal carcinoma in rats
Patel R ., Kansara U., Panchal S.
Department of Pharmacology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382481, Gujarat, India.
Objective: Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer of the GI tract.The present study was undertaken to evaluate the chemopreventive potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Butea monosperma (BMHE) flowers in 1,2- dimethyl hydrazine(DMH) induced colorectal carcinoma in wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats of either sex were divided in to five groups: Normal Control (NC), 1,2-Dimethyl Hydrazine control (DMH control), DMH + BMHE (100mg/kg, p.o), DMH + BMHE (200 mg/kg, p.o) and BMHE (200 mg/kg, p.o). For the induction of carcinogenesis, DMH was administered to the animals at the dose of 30 mg/kg subcutaneously twice a week for 8 weeks. The evaluation was based on the estimation of serum biochemical markers like carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen (CA) 19.9, LDH, anti-oxidant parameters in the colon homogenate and histopathological evaluation of colon tissue for the aberrant crypt foci (ACF) assessment Result: BMHE treatment (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. p.o) showed a significant decrease in the level of LDH, malondialdehyde and tumor marker CA 19.9. and a significant increase in the level of reduced glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the colon homogenate as compared to the DMH control group. Histopathological evaluation of colon tissue revealed a decreased number of ACF in the BMHE group than in the DMH control group. Conclusion: The findings indicated the potential value of the BMHE in reducing colon cancer risk in rats by virtue of amelioration of oxidative stress, inhibition of the generation of ACF and reduction in the level of tumor marker CA 19.9.
Gufic Prize -4
Study of polyherbal preparation verses placebo in modifying cardiovascular risk with special reference to endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Nishat Fatima , P. Usharani, I. V. Sravanthi, A. Praveen Reddy
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad - 500 082. Andhra Pradesh, India.
Objectives: Diabetes is considered as one of the important risk factor of cardiovascular disease. The main objective of the study was to compare the effect of polyherbal preparation with placebo on endothelial dysfunction and the biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: Patients were randomized to one of the two treatment arms to receive either, one capsule of Polyherbal preparation (cardipro) containing Terminalia arjuna 100 mg, Embilica officianalis 100 mg, Withenia Somnifera 100 mg, Boerhaavia diffusa 50 mg and Ocimum sanctum 50 mg, or one capsule of Placebo thrice daily orally. Assessment of endothelial function was performed by employing salbutamol challenge test. Blood samples were collected at baseline and post-treatment for estimation of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, glutathione and for safety assessments. Paired t-test evaluations were used for comparison. Results: A total of 51 patients completed the study. Mean change in RI with salbutamol challenge at baseline was -2.41 ±1.72 and after 12 weeks treatment it was -6.65 ±8.03, (P<0.05). The mean and SD of polyherbal group at baseline for malondialdehyde (nMol/ml), nitric oxide (μMol/L) and glutathione (μMol/L) was 2.87±1.12, 26.32 ±11.00 and 439.3 ±121.4 respectively. The polyherbal formulation also showed significant reduction in malodialdeyhde and increased NO and glutathione levels at post treatment. The mean and SD was found to be 2.62 ±1.12, 37.08 ± 25.61 and 516 ±91.24 respectively at post treatment. Conclusion : The findings of our study showed that the present polyherbal formulation improved endothelial function comparable with placebo in type2 diabetes mellitus patients as evidenced by decrease in reflection index (RI) and increase in the levels of biomarkers such as NO and glutathione. Key words: Endothelial dysfunction, glutathione and polyherbal preparation, nitric oxide.
GUFIC PRIZE -5
Evaluation of burn wound healing activity of Momordica cymbalaria fenzl
Raju Koneri, C.D. Saraswati, Solanki Vijay Harjibhai, Nagashree K.S.
Karnataka College of Pharmacy, Thirumenahalli, Hegde Nagar Main Road, Jakkur Post, Yalahanka Hobli, Bangalore North, Bangalore - 64, India.
Objective : Evaluation of burn wound healing efficacy of Momordica Cymbalaria Fenzl (MC). Materials and Methods : Partial thickness burn wounds was inflicted on SD rats under ketamine (50mg/kg, i.p) anesthesia by pouring hot molten wax at 800C into a metal cylinder of 300 mm 2 placed on shaven back of the rat. Animals were divided into 5 groups (n=6). Group 1 served as wound control (Untreated) group. Group 2, 3, 4, 5, received SSC (1% w/w), 5% extract of MC, Scaffold and 5% Saponin of MC topically respectively twice daily for 14 days. Wound contraction and period of epithelization was checked on day 1, 9 and 14. On 9th day granulation tissue were isolated and estimated for hydroxyproline content and anti-oxidant enzymes. A part of granulation tissue was processed for histopathology studies. Result: 5% extract of MC and Saponin of MC promoted wound contraction and decreased the period of epithelization when compared with control but lesser than SSC-treated group. MC also increased collagen synthesis and stabilization at the wound site, as evidenced by increase in hydroxyproline. The histological examinations also confirmed the healing efficacy of MC, which showed full form of epidermis layer, less inflammatory cells, more no. of collagen fibers and blood vessels lesser than SSC-treated group and scaffold. There was significant increase in levels of endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and decreased in lipid peroxide levels in MC treated groups. Conclusion: Momordica cymbalaria roots possess significant healing potential in burn wounds and have a positive influence on the different phases of wound repair.
Gufic Prize -6
Neuroprotective effect of sub critical water extract of Ganoderma lucidum on oxidative stress induced cell death
Rajkumar Tulsawani , Mrinalini, Mamta, DK Meena, PS Negi 1 , Kshipra Misra
Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 1 Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research, Haldwani - 263 139, India.
Objective(s): In the present study, we investigated selectivity of sub critical water extract at different temperatures (25, 50, 100 or 200 o C) to extract bioactive compounds from Ganoderma lucidum and the protective efficacy of these extracts against hydrogen peroxide evoked the production of ROS using HT22 cells as model, a murine immortalized hippocampal neuronal cell line. Materials and Methods: Different extracts of Ganoderma lucidum viz. Gl 25 , Gl 50 , Gl 100 and Gl 200 were prepared at various temperatures (25, 50, 100 and 200 o C) respectively using sub critical water extraction method and compared for their ability to protect neuronal cells from oxidative stress damage. Cells were exposed to 25, 50 or 100 μm of hydrogen peroxide in the presence or absence of aqueous extracts of Ganoderma lucidum mentioned above. At the end of exposure period, cell viability and levels/activities ROS, GSH, SOD, GPx, NF-kB, IkB, p-IkB and β-actin were measured. Results: The sub critical water extracts Gl 25 , Gl 50 , Gl 100 and Gl 200 revealed high phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activities. HT22 cells exposed to 25, 50 or 100 μm of H 2 O 2 revealed ~32%-78% cell death after 24 h of exposure and display higher ROS expression and activation of NF-κB with IkB phosphorylation/degradation. The cells treated with sub critical extracts of Ganoderma lucidum at various concentrations (5, 10, 25 or 50 μg/ml) demonstrate resistance against H 2 O 2 driven HT22 cell death. The order of protection offered by these extract was GL 25 ≥ GL 50 > GL 100 > GL 200 . Conclusion: The H 2 O 2 -induced adverse reactions could be reversed by the treatment of sub critical water extract of Ganoderma lucidum.
Gufic Prize -7
Investigation of antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of methanol extract of tectona grandis flowers in type 2 diabetic rats
Rajaseakaran A. , Ramachandran S. 1 , Manisenthilkumar KT. 1
Departments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and 1 Pharmacology, KMCH College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore - 641 048, Tamil Nadu, India.
Objective : To investigate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of methanol extract of Tectona grandis flowers (METGF) in type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In rats, oral acute toxicity of METGF was carried out at 2000 mg/kg level. Type 2 diabetes was induced by administration of streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NIC; 65 mg/kg-110 mg/kg; i.p) and diabetes confirmed 72 h after induction, and then allowed for 14 days to stabilize blood glucose level. The diabetic rats were received METGF (100 and 200 mg/kg) up to 28 days by oral route. The antihyperglycemic action and body weights changes were estimated on end of the second and fourth weeks after the METGF administrations. The end of fourth week, fasting blood samples were collected to determine haemoglobin (Hb), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. The serum was separated and its insulin, urea, creatinine and lipid profiles levels were determined. Results : Oral administration of METGF was non-toxic at 2000 mg/kg dose level. Administration of both the doses of METGF reduced fasting blood glucose, creatinine, urea and HbA1c levels significantly (P < 0.001) in diabetic rats. The treatment of METGF in diabetic rats showed significant (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01) increase in body weight, Hb, total protein, and insulin levels when compared to diabetic control rats. Both the doses of METGF treatments showed significant (P < 0.001) changes on altered lipid profile levels of diabetic rats towards normal levels. Conclusion : The above results given evidence that METGF has significant blood glucose and lipid profiles lowering effects in type 2 diabetic rats. Key words: Antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, blood glucose, tectona grandis, type 2 diabetes
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