| SHORT COMMUNICATION |
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| Year : 2009 | Volume
: 41
| Issue : 5 | Page : 237-241 |
Diclofenac-induced biochemical and histopathological changes in white leghorn birds (Gallus domesticus)
Teenu Jain, KM Koley, VP Vadlamudi, RC Ghosh, S Roy, Sandhya Tiwari, Upasana Sahu
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary science & AH, Anjora (IGAU), Durg - 491 001, Chhattisgarh, India
Correspondence Address:
K M Koley
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary science & AH, Anjora (IGAU), Durg - 491 001, Chhattisgarh
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.58515
Objective : Objective: To evaluate diclofenac-induced biochemical and histopathological changes in White Leghorn birds.
Materials and Methods : Six-week-old birds were equally divided into three groups of six birds each. Group I served as control and received vehicle orally. The birds of Group II and III were orally administered with a single low (2 mg/kg) and high dose (20 mg/kg) of diclofenac sodium, respectively, and were observed for 7 days. The acute toxicity was assessed by observing the clinical signs and symptoms, mortality, alterations in blood biochemistry, and necropsy findings.
Results : The birds of Group II showed only mild symptoms of diarrhea. In Group III, 50% of birds died in between 24 and 36 h post-treatment showing the symptoms of segregatory behavior, lethargy, terminal anorexia, and severe bloody diarrhea. The birds of Group II and the surviving birds of Group III showed a significantly (P<0.05) increased plasma uric acid, creatinine and plasma glutamic pyruvic transaminase (PGPT), and decreased total protein and albumin at 12 and 24 h post-treatment which returned to the normal levels at 36 h post-treatment. The dead birds of the high-dose group also showed similar pattern of biochemical changes at 12 and 24 h post-treatment and revealed extensive visceral gout with characteristic histopathological lesions in liver, kidney, heart, spleen, and intestine on post-mortem.
Conclusion : The results indicate that diclofenac sodium has hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and visceral gout inducing potentials in White Leghorn birds, especially at higher dose.
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