|
| EDUCATION FORUM |
|
|
|
| Year : 2005 | Volume
: 37
| Issue : 3 | Page : 141-147 |
| |
Curcumin: A natural antiinflammatory agent
K Kohli, J Ali, MJ Ansari, Z Raheman
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
Correspondence Address:
K Kohli
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.16209
Extensive scientific research on curcumin, a natural compound present in the rhizomes of plant Curcuma longa Linn., demonstrated its antiinflammatory action. Curcumin was found to inhibit arachidonic acid metabolism, cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, cytokines (Interleukins and tumour necrosis factor) Nuclear factor-kB and release of steroidal hormones. Curcumin was reported to stabilize lysosomal membrane and cause uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation besides having strong oxygen radical scavenging activity, which was responsible for its antiinflammatory property. In various animal studies, a dose range of 100-200 mg/kg body weight exhibited good antiinflammatory activity and seemed to have negligible adverse effect on human systems. Oral LD50 in mice was found to be more than 2.0 g/kg body weight.
Keywords: Cyclo-oxygenase (COX); free radical scavenger; inflammation
How to cite this article:
Kohli K, Ali J, Ansari M J, Raheman Z. Curcumin: A natural antiinflammatory agent. Indian J Pharmacol 2005;37:141-7 |
The rhizome of turmeric is widely used in indigenous medicine.[1] A paste made from powdered rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn., mixed with slaked lime applied locally, is an ancient household remedy for sprains, muscular pain and inflamed joints. It is also applied in poultices to relieve pain and inflammation.[2] The volatile oil and curcumin obtained from C. longa exhibit potent antiinflammatory effect.[3]
Curcumin is yellow coloured phenolic pigment,[4] obtained from powdered rhizome of C. longa Linn. (Family-Zingiberaceae). It is the major constituent of the oleoresin of turmeric. In the crude extract of rhizomes of C. longa about 70-76% curcumin is present along with about 16% demethoxycurcumin and 8% bisdemethoxycurcumin. It is extensively used for imparting colour and flavour to the food and in the traditional Indian medicine, turmeric powder is used to treat a wide variety of diseases. Extensive scientific research on curcumin have demonstrated a wide spectrum of therapeutic effects such as antiinflammatory,[5] antibacterial,[6] antiviral,[7] antifungal,[8] antitumor,[9] antispasmodic[10] and hepatoprotective.[11] Recently, its potential utility in autoimmune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been demonstrated.[12],[13],[14] In this review, the findings on curcumin′s antiinflammatory activity and its mechanisms are presented.
| » Preclinical studies | |  |
Curcumin and antiinflammatory activity
Arora et al reported antiinflammatory activity in different fractions of the petroleum ether extract of C. longa.[5] The total petroleum ether extract of the rhizome of turmeric and two of its fractions A and B were evaluated for their antiinflammatory activity in albino rats (180-200 g) and compared with that of hydrocortisone acetate and phenylbutazone. It was found that the antiinflammatory activity of the total petroleum ether extract was less than the individual fractions A and B. The fractions were almost as active as hydrocortisone acetate in the inflammation induced by cotton pellet method. Curcumin isolated from the alcoholic extract of turmeric has been shown to be a useful antiinflammatory agent. In subacute toxicity experiments, no significant toxic side effects were observed in rats when the extract was administered for 4 weeks at the dose level of 1-2 g/kg. Oral LD50 was found to be 12.2 g/kg.[5] Recently, antiinflammatory activity of curcumin has been demonstrated in acute and chronic models of inflammation in rats and mice.[15],[16] In rats with Freud′s adjuvant-induced arthritis, administration of curcumin significantly reduced the inflammatory swelling compared to control.[16] Oral doses up to 160 mg/kg of curcumin failed to prevent phenylquinone-induced inflammation in mice. In instances of acute inflammation, oral administration of curcumin was found to be as effective as cortisone or phenylbutazone, whereas in chronic inflammation it was only half as effective.[17] Curcumin may also be applied topically to animal skin to counteract inflammation and irritation associated with inflammatory skin conditions and allergies.[17]
Natural analogues of curcumin
Two naturally occurring analogues of curcumin, Feruloyl 4-hydroxy cinnamoyl methane (FHM) and bis-(4-hydroxy cinnamoyl) methane (BHM) were isolated from the alcoholic extract of turmeric.[18] Both were screened for antiinflammatory activity using carrageenin-induced rat paw edema and compared with sodium curcuminate and phenylbutazone.[19] The FHM was found to be more potent and the activity with 30 mg/kg dose of FHM was found to be equivalent to that of 100 mg/kg of phenylbutazone.[19] Curcumin analogues revealed a dose-dependent effect up to the dose of 30 mg/kg. Further increase in dose resulted in decreased antiinflammatory activity.[19]
Semi-synthetic curcumin
As curcumin is insoluble in water, its water-soluble semi-synthetic derivatives were studied for antiinflammatory activity. Ghatak et al prepared sodium phenate of curcumin and demonstrated its antiinflammatory activity.[20] They found that sodium phenate of curcumin showed better antiinflammatory activity than curcumin and hydrocortisone acetate in experimental inflammation induced by carrageenin and formalin in albino rats. Mukhopadhayay et al have studied the structure-activity relationship (SAR) with respect to antiinflammatory activity in a series of curcumin analogues.[21] They reported that sodium salt of curcumin was found to be most effective in carrageenin-induced rat hind paw oedema among curcumin and some of its semi-synthetic analogues.
| » Clinical trials | | |
Deodhar et al have studied the antiinflammatory action of curcumin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study demonstrated a significant improvement in the duration of morning stiffness, walking time and joint swelling, with curcumin, which was almost comparable to phenylbutazone.[22] Satoskar et al evaluated the antiinflammatory property of curcumin in patients with postoperative inflammation. The effect of the drug on individual parameters revealed that phenylbutazone and curcumin had better antiinflammatory responses in these patients compared to the placebo. Curcumin was found better than phenylbutazone in reducing spermatic cord oedema and tenderness.[23]
Kuttan et al reported that an ethanolic extract of turmeric or a curcumin ointment provided symptomatic relief in patients with cancers of oral cavity, breast, vulva and skin. Out of 62 patients, only one showed adverse reaction.[24]
Lal et al studied the efficacy of curcumin in the management of chronic anterior uveitis (CAU).[25] Curcumin was administered orally to patients suffering from CAU at a dose of 375 mg three times per day for 12 weeks. Of the 53 patients enrolled, only 32 completed the 12 week study. They were divided into two groups: 18 patients received curcumin alone while 14 patients, who had a strong purified protein derivative (PPD) reaction, received antitubercular treatment in addition to curcumin. The patients from both the groups showed improvement after 2 weeks of treatment. All the patients who received curcumin alone improved well while those who received curcumin and antitubercular therapy showed a response rate of 86%. Follow-up of all the patients for the next 3 years indicated a recurrence rate of 55% in the first group and of 36% in the second group. About 4 of 18 patients (22%) in the first group and 3 of the 14 patients (21%) in the second group lost their vision in the follow-up period due to various complications such as vitritis, macular oedema, central venous block, cataract formation, glaucomatous optic nerve damage, etc. None of the patients reported any side effect during the treatment. Corticosteroid therapy is presently the only available standard treatment for this disease. Lack of side effects with curcumin is its greatest advantage compared with corticosteroids.
Lal et al described for the first time the clinical efficacy of curcumin in the treatment of patients suffering from idiopathic inflammatory orbital pseudotumours.[26] Curcumin was administered orally at a dose of 375 mg thrice a day orally for a period of 6-22 months in eight patients. They were followed up for a period of 2 years at three monthly intervals. Five patients completed the study; out of which four recovered completely and in one patient, the swelling regressed completely with some persistent limitation of movement. No side effect was noted in any of the patients and there was no recurrence. Though it was suggested that curcumin could be used as a safe and effective drug in the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory orbital pseudotumours, a large multicentric trial with adequate number of patients is required to confirm the beneficial effects of curcumin.
| » Mechanism of action of curcumin | | |
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents may act via single or combination of any of the mechanism involving inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism, inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase (COX)/inhibition of the PG synthesis, inhibition of lipoxygenase (LOX), inhibition of cytokines (IL, TNF, etc.), release of steroidal hormones from the adrenals, stabilization of lysosomal membrane and uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, etc.
Srivastava et al demonstrated that curcumin inhibited the incorporation of [[14]C]arachidonic acid (AA) into platelet phospholipids and inhibited the deacylation of AA-labelled phospholipids (liberation of free AA) on stimulation with calcium ionophore A23187.[27],[28] Rat peritoneal macrophages preincubated with 10 µM curcumin or capsaicin for 1 h inhibited the incorporation of AA into membrane lipids by 82 and 76%, respectively; prostaglandin E2 by 45% and 48%; leukotriene B4 by 61% and 46% and leukotriene C4 by 34% and 48%, respectively.[29] Curcumin appears to block the synthesis of certain prostaglandins through inhibition of COX enzyme.[30],[31] Ramsewak et al . demonstrated that curcumins I-III were active against COX-I enzyme with 125 µg/ml and showed 32%, 38.5% and 39.2% inhibition of the enzyme, respectively. Curcumins I-III also showed 89.7%, 82.5% and 58.9% inhibition, respectively, of the COX-II enzyme with 125 µg/ml.[32]
Curcumin reduces pro-inflammatory leukotriene synthesis via inhibition of LOX enzyme.[33],[34],[35] Flynn et al studied the inhibitory activities of curcuminoids and yakuchinones on the 5-hydroxy-eicosatetranoic acid (5-HETE). Various diaryl-heptonoids, including curcumin, were found to be potent inhibitors of 5-HETE productions by intact human neutrophils with IC50 values ranging from 4 to 8 µM.[36] Curcumin reduces the neutrophil infiltration in inflammatory conditions[37],[38],[39] and inhibit platelet aggregation.[40],[41] It is also a potent inhibitor of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL and TNF).[42],[43],[44],[45],[46] The oxygen radical scavenging activity[47],[48] of curcumin has also been implicated in its antiinflammatory effects.[49]
| » Molecular mechanism and biochemical changes | | |
Inhibition of COX
Zhang et al investigated whether curcumin inhibited chenodeoxycholate (CD)-or phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA)-mediated induction of COX-2 in several gastrointestinal cell lines (SK-GT-4, SCC450, IEC-18 and HCA-7).[50] Treatment with curcumin suppressed CD- and PMA-mediated induction of COX-2 protein and synthesis of prostaglandin E2. Curcumin also suppressed the induction of COX-2 mRNA by CD and PMA.[50] To investigate the effect of curcumin on COX-2 expression, HT-29 human colon cancer cells were treated with various concentrations of curcumin. Curcumin inhibited the cell growth of HT-29 cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. There was a marked inhibition of mRNA and protein expression of COX-2, but not COX-1.[51]
Kim et al demonstrated that the inhibitory action of curcumin on Janus kinase (JAK)-STAT signalling could contribute to its antiinflammatory activity in the brain.[52] In both rat primary microglia and murine BV2 microglial cells, curcumin effectively suppressed the ganglioside, Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interferon (IFN-g)-stimulated induction of COX-2 and inducible NO synthase, important enzymes that mediate inflammatory processes. Curcumin markedly inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT1 and 3 as well as JAK1 and 2 in microglia activated with gangliosides, LPS, or IFN-gamma thus attenuating inflammatory response of brain microglial cells.[52]
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis
Effect of some biochemical changes produced during sub-acute inflammation in rats has been studied and compared with ibuprofen.[53] Curcumin in the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg inhibited the granuloma formation by 21.7 and 30.8%, respectively, while ibuprofen in 15 and 20 mg/kg doses inhibited by 26.6 and 32.2%, respectively. Thus, ibuprofen was found to be 10 times more potent than curcumin on weight basis. In an in vitro study, curcumin (20 µg/ml) as well as ibuprofen (2 µg/ml) caused complete inhibition of the spontaneous contraction of the isolated pregnant rat uterus.
In an in vivo study, PGE2 content in the inflammatory exudates of control rats with inflammation was 7.29 µg/ml. Treatment of the animals with curcumin (200 mg/kg) and ibuprofen (20 mg/kg) for 4 days reduced the PGE2 content of the exudates by 45% and 61%, respectively. Thus, curcumin was found to be less effective than ibuprofen in inhibiting PG synthesis in inflammatory exudates as well as in the in vitro system. In vitro studies revealed that curcumin decreased phorbol ester-induced PGE2 production down to almost preinduction level.[54] Tetrahydrocurcumin, hexahydrocurcumin and curcumin sulfate reduced it by 31%, 37% and 22%, respectively. Hexahydrocurcuminol was found to be devoid of inhibitory activities. In a confirmatory Western analysis using a COX-2 monoclonal antibody, curcumin was shown to reduce phorbol ester-induced COX-2 protein expression consistently by 60-70%. In contrast, curcumin metabolites interfered with COX-2 protein inhibition only weakly.[54]
Inhibition of cytokines
The pleiotropic cytokine-tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) induced the production of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1), and together, they play significant roles in many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Gupta et al . demonstrated that curcumin inhibited TNF-a induced expression of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells.[55] As diferuloylmethane significantly blocks the cytokine-induced transcript levels for the leukocyte adhesion molecules, it may be interfering at an early stage of signalling event induced by TNF-a.[55] Curcumin produced significant inhibition of IL-1b and IL-8 but minimal inhibition of TNF-a expression by preterm lung inflammatory cells at 20 µM concentrations. Adult PBMC expression of IL-8 was significantly inhibited by curcumin at 20 µM concentrations. Therefore, curcumin inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-8) by lung inflammatory cells and this is evidenced by a large number of experiments.[56],[57],[58],[59],[60] It was also shown that curcumin inhibited experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by blocking IL-12 signalling through JAK-STAT pathway in T lymphocytes.[61]
NF-kB inhibition
Binding of plasma factor VII (a) to tissue factor (TF) initiates the coagulation cascade. In normal condition, TF is not expressed in endothelial cells. However, endothelial cells express TF in response to LPS, TNF and other biological stimuli. Pendurthi et al studied the inhibition of TF gene activation in cultured endothelial cells by curcumin.[62] They demonstrated that curcumin inhibited PMA, LPS, TNF-a and thrombin-induced TF activity and TF gene transcription in human endothelial cells by impairing the proteolytic degradation inhibitor protein Ik Ba. Thus antiinflammatory and anticarcinogenic activity of curcumin may be related to its ability to inhibit cellular gene expression regulated by transcription factors NF-k B, AP-1 and Egr-1.[54] Bierhaus demonstrated that curcumin inhibited TNFa-induced Ik Ba degradation and the nuclear import of NF-aB. In contrast, inhibition of AP-1 was due to a direct interaction of curcumin with AP-1-binding to its DNA binding motif. Thus, curcumin inhibits NF-kB and AP-1 by two different mechanisms and reduces expression of endothelial genes controlled by both transcription factors in vitro .[55] Curcumin also blocks cytokine-mediated NF-kB activation and pro-inflammatory gene expression by inhibiting inhibitory factor I-kB kinase activity and it has been confirmed by a large number of experiments.[60],[61],[62],[63],[64],[65],[66],[67],[68],[69],[70] The COX-2 inducible and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are important enzymes that mediate inflammatory responses. Improper up-regulation of COX-2 and iNOS has been associated with pathophysiology of certain types of human cancers as well as inflammatory disorders.
Recent studies have demonstrated that eukaryotic transcription factor nuclear factor kB (NF-k B) was involved in regulation of COX-2 and iNOS expression. Surh studied the molecular mechanism underlying antiinflammatory activity of curcumin.[71] They suggested the down-regulation of COX-2 and iNOS through suppression of NF-k B. Repression of degradation of the inhibitory unit I-k Ba, which hampers subsequent nuclear translocation of the functionally active subunit of NF-k B, may be responsible for inhibition of NF-k B by curcumin.[71] Pan et al comparatively studied suppression of nitric oxide synthase by curcumin and its hydrogenated metabolites through down-regulation of I-kB kinase and NF-kB activation in macrophages.[72]
Han et al demonstrated that curcumin inhibited the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced NF-kB activation by preventing the degradation of the inhibitory protein I-kB a and the subsequent translocation of the p65 subunit in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells.[73] Alternatively, curcumin repressed the TPA-induced activation of NF-kB through direct interruption of the binding of NF-kB to its consensus DNA sequences.[73]
Chun et al demonstrated the effect of curcumin on TPA-induced expression of COX-2) in female mouse.[66] Immuno histochemical analysis of TPA-treated mouse skin revealed enhanced expression of COX-2 localized primarily in epidermal layer, which was markedly suppressed by curcumin pretreatment. Curcumin treatment attenuated TPA-stimulated NF-kB activation in mouse skin, which was associated with its blockade of degradation of the inhibitory protein I-kB a and of subsequent translocation of the p65 subunit to nucleus.[74]
Inhibition of platelet aggregation
Shah et al studied the mechanism of platelet aggregation by curcumin.[40] They showed that curcumin-inhibited platelet aggregation mediated by the platelet agonists epinephrine (200 µM), ADP (4 µM), platelet activating factor (PAF, 800 nM), collagen (20 µg/ml) and AA (0.75 mM). Curcumin preferentially inhibited PAF and AA-induced aggregation (IC-50; 20-25 µM) whereas much higher concentration of curcumin is required to inhibit aggregation induced by other platelet agonists. Pretreatment of platelets with curcumin resulted in inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by calcium ionophore A-23187 (IC50:100 µM), but curcumin up to 250 µM had no inhibitory effect on aggregation induced by the proteinkinase C (PKC) activator phorbol myrisitate acetate (1 µM). Curcumin (100 µM) inhibited the A-23187-induced mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ as determined by using fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester. Curcumin also inhibited the formation of thromboxane A2 (TX A2) by platelets (IC50: 70 µM). These results suggest that the curcumin-mediated preferential inhibition of PAF and AA-induced platelet aggregation which involved inhibitory effects on TXA2 synthesis and Ca2+ signalling but without the involvement of PKC.
| » Stabilization of lysosomal enzymes | | |
A number of NSAIDs like ketoprofen, suprofen have been reported to inhibit the release of lysosomal enzymes from the neutrophils.[75] The role of lysosomal enzymes, i.e. acid phosphatase and cathepsin D as mediator of inflammation is well documented.[76],[77] Stabilization of lysosomal enzymes by curcumin and ibuprofen was compared. Serum phosphatase activity increased from 7.26 to 15.4 units (+112%) due to inflammation. Curcumin (200 mg/kg) prevented the increase by 50% while ibuprofen (20 mg/kg) prevented it by 61%. In an in vitro study, curcumin was found to have greater lysosomal membrane stabilization effect than ibuprofen.[53] Joe et al demonstrated that curcumin and capsaicin lower the release of lysosomal enzymes and eicosanoids in rat peritoneal macrophages.[29]
| » Release of hormones | | |
The release of endogenous corticosteroids by curcumin may also help indirectly in stabilizing lysosomal membrane, because glucocorticoids are known to have stabilizing effect on the lysosomal enzymes as evidenced by several experiments.[78],[79] Inflammation caused a significant increase in adrenal ascorbic acid and cholesterol level. A dose of 200 mg/kg of curcumin significantly decreased the adrenal ascorbic acid without affecting the cholesterol level.[53] Lower dose of curcumin (100 mg/kg) as well as ibuprofen had no effect.[53]
| » Antioxidative effect | | |
Curcumin was found to be a very potent antioxidant.[80],[81],[82],[83] Curcumin was found to generate hydroxyl radicals through the Fenton reaction by reducing Fe3+ to Fe2+.[84] Effect of curcumin as superoxide scavenger was studied and curcumin was found to be a potent scavenger of superoxide.[85] They also reported a better correlation between antiinflammatory activity and superoxide scavenging property.
Balasubramanyam et al demonstrated that curcumin abolished both PMA and thapsigargin-induced ROS generation in cells from control and diabetic subjects. The pattern of these ROS inhibitory effects as a function of dose-dependency suggest that curcumin mechanistically interferes with PKC and calcium regulation.[86]
Priyadarsini et al tested the antioxidant activity of curcumin and dimethoxy curcumin by radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes.[87] They found that at equal concentration, the efficiency to inhibit lipid peroxidation is changed from 82% with curcumin to 24% with dimethoxy curcumin. These results suggested that, although the energetics to remove hydrogen from both phenolic OH and the CH (2) group of the beta-diketo structure were very close, the phenolic OH was essential for both antioxidant activity and free radical kinetics. This was further confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations where it was shown that the -OH hydrogen was more labile for abstraction compared to the -CH (2) hydrogen in curcumin suggesting that phenolic OH plays a major role in the activity of curcumin.
Inhibition of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1) by curcumin
Nakayama et al described a novel effect of proteosome inhibitors on the expression of the monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) in mesangial cells. They found that proteosome inhibitors MG 132 dose-dependently induced the expression of MCP-1 at the transcriptional level. The 5′-flanking region of the MCP-1 gene contains multiple AP-1 sites. A reporter assay showed that AP-1 activity was up-regulated after treatment with MG 132 and kinase assay revealed that c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) was rapidly activated by MG132. Curcumin, a pharmacological inhibitor of the JNK-AP-1 pathway, abrogated the induction of MCP-1 by MG132. These data revealed that proteosome inhibition triggered the expression of MCP-1 and other genes via the multistep induction of the JNK-c-Jun/AP-1 pathway.[88]
Inhibition of acidic glycoprotein (gp a 72) by curcumin
Joe et al . observed an increased level of acidic glycoprotein Gp A 72 in the sera of arthritic rats.[89] The appearance of Gp A 72 in the serum preceded the onset of the paw inflammation in the arthritic rats and persisted in the chronic phase. They found that oral administration of antiinflammatory spices like capsaicin and curcumin lowered the levels of Gp A72 by 88% and 73%, respectively, with concomitant lowering of paw volume in the arthritic rats.
Zsila et al demonstrated binding of curcumin molecule to human alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), an acute phase protein in blood.[90] Oppositely signed induced circular dichroism (CD) bands measured in the visible spectral region in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer indicated that the protein bounded curcumin molecule in a left-handed chiral conformation. Curcumin-induced changes in the tertiary structure of AGP, which lead to the decreased binding affinity.
| » Conclusion | | |
A large number of studies have revealed that curcumin has wide therapeutic actions such as antiinflammatory, antispasmodic, antimicrobial, anticancer, hepatoprotection and neuroprotection etc. Its antiinflammatory activity is mainly due to inhibition of AA metabolism, COX, LOX, cytokines (ILs and TNF) and NF-kB. Curcumin is reported to stabilize lysosomal membrane and causes uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation besides having strong oxygen radical scavenging activity. The most interesting feature of curcumin is lack of gastrointestinal side effects despite being an antiinflammatory agent. Thus curcumin may prove as a useful drug for treatment of diseases such as arthritis, cancer, HIV etc. More research work is needed in order to explore its new areas of therapeutic applications.
| » References | | |
| 1. | Nadkarni AK. Indian Materia Medica. Bombay: Popular Prakashan PVP; 1954.  |
| 2. | Leung A. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs & cosmetics. John Weily 198;31: 314. |
| 3. | Chandra D, Gupta S. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of volatile oil of Curcuma longa (Haldi). Indian J Med Res 1972;60:138-42. |
| 4. | Cooper TH, Clark G, Guzinski J. In: Chi-Tang Ho, editor. Am Chem Soc Washington, DC, 1994; 23: 231-6. |
| 5. | Arora R, Basu N, Kapoor V. Anti-inflammatory studies on Curcuma longa (turmeric). Indian J Med Res 1971;59:1289-95. |
| 6. | Negi PS, Jayaprakasha GK, Jagan Mohan Rao L, Sakariah KK. Antibacterial activity of turmeric oil: a byproduct from curcumin manufacture. J Agric Food Chem 1999;47:4297-300. |
| 7. | Bourne KZ, Bourne N, Reising SF, Stanberry LR. Plant products as topical microbicide candidates: assessment of in vitro and in vivo activity against herpes simplex virus type 2. Antiviral Res 1999;42:219-26. |
| 8. | Apisariyakul A, Vanittanakom N, Buddhasukh D. Antifungal activity of turmeric oil extracted from Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 1995;49:163-9. |
| 9. | Kawamori T, Lubet R, Steele VE. Chemopreventative effect of curcumin, a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory agent, during the promotion/progression stages of colon cancer. Cancer Res 1999;59:597-601. |
| 10. | Itthipanichpong C, Ruangrungsi N, Kemsri W, Sawasdipanich A. Antispasmodic effects of curcuminoids on isolated guinea-pig ileum and rat uterus. J Med Assoc Thai 2003;86:299-309. |
| 11. | Park E J, Jeon CH, Ko G. Protective effect of curcumin in rat liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000;52:437-40. |
| 12. | Mazumder A, Wang S, Neamati N, Nicklaus M, Sunder S, Chen J, et al . Antiretroviral agents as inhibitors of both human immunodeficiency virus type 1integrase and protease. J Med Chem 1996;39:2472-81. |
| 13. | Sui Z, Salto R, Li J, Craik C, Ortiz de Montellano PR. Inhibition of the HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases by curcumin and curcumin boron complexes. Bioorg Med Chem 1993;1:415-22. |
| 14. | James JS. AIDS Treatment News; 1993;176:1-3. |
| 15. | Srimal RC, Khanna NM, Dhawan BN. A preliminary report on anti inflammatory activity of curcumin. Int J Pharm 1971;3:10. |
| 16. | Srimal RC, Dhawan BN. Pharamacology of diferuloyl methane, a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. J Pharm Pharmacol 1973;25:447. |
| 17. | Mukhopadhyay A, Basu N, Ghatak N. Anti-inflammatory and irritant activities of curcumin analogues in rats. Agents Actions 1982;12:508-15. |
| 18. | Srinivasan KR. A chromatographic study of the curcuminoids in curcuma longa Linn. J Pharm Pharmacol 1953;5:448-53. |
| 19. | Rao TS, Basu N, Siddiqui HH. Anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin analogues. Indian J Med Res 1982;75:574-8. |
| 20. | Ghatak N, Basu N. Sodium curcuminate as an effective anti-inflammatory agent. Indian J Exp Biol 1972;10:235-6. |
| 21. | Mukhopadhyay A, Basu N, Ghatak N, Gujral PK. Structure activity relationship with respect to anti-inflammatory activity in a series of curcumin analogues. Proc Int Union Physiol Sci 1974;10:241-5. |
| 22. | Deodhar SD, Sethi R, Srimal RC. Preliminary study on antirheumatic activity of curcumin (Diferuloyl methane). Indian J Med Res 1980;71:632-43. |
| 23. | Satoskar RR, Shah SJ, Shenoy SG. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory property of curcumin in patients with post operative inflammation. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1986;24:651-4. |
| 24. | Kuttan R, Sudheeran PC, Joseph CD. Turmeric and curcumin as topical agents in cancer therapy. Tumori 1987;73:29-31. |
| 25. | Lal B, Kapoor AK, Asthana OP, Agrawal PK, Prasad R, Kumar P, et al . Efficacy of curcumin in the management of chronic anterior uveitis. Phytother Res 1999;13:318-22. |
| 26. | Lal B, Kapoor AK, Agrawal PK, Asthana OP, Srimal RC. Role of curcumin in idiopathic inflammatory orbital pseudotumours. Phytother Res 2000;14:443-7. |
| 27. | Srivastava KC, Bordia A, Verma SK. Curcumin, a major component of food spice turmeric ( Curcuma longa ) inhibits aggregation and alters eicosanoid metabolism in human blood platelets. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1995;52:223-7. |
| 28. | Conney AH, Lysz T, Ferraro T, Abidi TF, Manchand PS, Laskin JD, Huang MT. Inhibitory effect of curcumin and some related dietary compounds on tumor promotion and arachidonic acid metabolism in mouse skin. Adv Enzyme Regul 1991;31:385-96. |
| 29. | Joe B, Lokesh BR. Effect of curcumin and capsaicin on arachidonic acid metabolism and lysosomal enzyme secretion by rat peritoneal macrophages. Lipids 1997;32:1173-80. |
| 30. | Ammon HP, Safayhi H, Mack T, Sabieraj J. Mechanism of anti-inflammatory actions of curcumin and bowsellic acids. J Ethnopharmacol 1993;38:113-9. |
| 31. | Srivastava R. Inhibition of neutrophil response by curcumin. Agents Actions 1989;28:298-303. |
| 32. | Ramsewak RS, DeWitt DL, Nair MG. Cytotoxicity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of curcumins I-III from Curcuma longa . Phytomedicine 2000;7:303-8. |
| 33. | Skrzypczak-Jankun E, McCabe NP, Selman SH, Jankun J. Curcumin inhibits lipoxygenase by binding to its central cavity: theoretical and X-ray evidence. Int J Mol Med 2000;6:521-6. |
| 34. | Wallace JM. Nutritional and botanical modulation of the inflammatory cascade--eicosanoids, cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases-as an adjunct in cancer therapy. Integr Cancer Ther 2002;1:7-37. |
| 35. | Huang MT, Lysz T, Ferraro T, Abidi TF, Laskin JD, Conney AH. Inhibitory effects of curcumin on in vitro lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase activities in mouse epidermis. Cancer Res 1991;51:813-9. |
| 36. | Flynn DL, Rafferty MF, Boctor AM. Inhibition of 5-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) formation in intact human neutrophils by naturally-occurring diarylheptanoids: Inhibitory activities of curcuminoids and yakuchinones. Prostaglandins Leukot Med 1986;22:357-60. |
| 37. | Lukita-Atmadja W, Ito Y, Baker GL, McCuskey RS. Effect of curcuminoids as anti-inflammatory agents on the hepatic microvascular response to endotoxin. Shock 2002;17:399-403. |
| 38. | Gukovsky I, Reyes CN, Vaquero EC, Gukovskaya AS, Pandol SJ. Curcumin ameliorates ethanol and nonethanol experimental pancreatitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2003;284:85-95. |
| 39. | Ukil A, Maity S, Karmakar S, Datta N, Vedasiromoni JR, Das PK. Curcumin, the major component of food flavour turmeric, reduces mucosal injury in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis. Br J Pharmacol 2003;139:209-18. |
| 40. | Shah BH, Nawaz Z, Pertani SA, Roomi A, Mahmood H, Saeed SA, et al . Inhibitory effect of curcumin, a food spice from turmeric, on platelet-activating factor- and arachidonic acid-mediated platelet aggregation through inhibition of thromboxane formation and Ca2+ signaling. Biochem Pharmacol 1999;58:1167-72. |
| 41. | Srivastava KC, Bordia A, Verma SK. Curcumin, a major component of food spice turmeric ( Curcuma longa ) inhibits aggregation and alters eicosanoid metabolism in human blood platelets. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1995;52:223-7. |
| 42. | Chan MM. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor by curcumin, a phytochemical. Biochem Pharmacol 1995;49:1551-6. |
| 43. | Kobayashi T, Hashimoto S, Horie T. Curcumin inhibition of Dermatophagoides farinea-induced interleukin-5 (IL-5) and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production by lymphocytes from bronchial asthmatics. Biochem Pharmacol 1997;54:819-24. |
| 44. | Abe Y, Hashimoto S, Horie T. Curcumin inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production by human peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages. Pharmacol Res 1999;39:411-7. |
| 45. | Kang BY, Chung SW. Inhibition of interleukin-12 production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages by curcumin. Eur J Pharmacol 1999;384:191-5. |
| 46. | Kondo A, Koshihara Y, Togari A. Signal transduction system for interleukin-6 synthesis stimulated by lipopolysaccharide in human osteoblasts. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2001;21:943-50. |
| 47. | Ruby AJ, Kuttan G. Anti-tumour and antioxidant activity of natural curcuminoids. Cancer Lett 1995;94:79-83. |
| 48. | Selvam R, Subramanian L. The anti-oxidant activity of turmeric ( Curcuma longa ). J Ethnopharmacol 1995;47:59-67. |
| 49. | Kunchandy E, Rao MNA. Oxygen radical scavenging activity of curcumin. Int J Pharm 1990;58:237-40. |
| 50. | Zhang F, Altorki NK, Mestre JR, Subbaramaiah K, Dannenberg AJ. Inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase 2 expression in colon cells by the chemopreventive agent curcumin involves inhibition of NF-kappaB activation via the NIK/IKK signaling complex. Carcinogenesis 1999;20:445-51. |
| 51. | Goel A, Boland CR, Chauhan DP. Specific inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by dietary curcumin in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2001;172:111-8. |
| 52. | Kim HY, Park EJ, Joe EH, Jou I. Curcumin suppresses Janus kinase-STAT inflammatory signaling through activation of Src homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 in brain microglia. J Immuno 2003;171:6072-9. |
| 53. | Srivastava R, Srimal RC. Modification of certain inflammation-induced biochemical changes by curcumin. Indian J Med Res 1985;81:215-23. |
| 54. | Ireson C, Orr S, Jones DJ, Verschoyle R, Lim CK, Luo JL, et al .Characterization of metabolites of the chemopreventive agent curcumin in human and rat hepatocytes and in the rat in vivo , and evaluation of their ability to inhibit phorbol ester-induced prostaglandin E2 production. Cancer Res 2001;61:1058-64. |
| 55. | Gupta B, Ghosh B. Curcuma longa inhibits TNF-alpha induced expression of adhesion molecules on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Int J Immunopharmacol 1999;21:745-57. |
| 56. | Literat A, Su F, Norwicki M, Durand M, Ramanathan R, Jones CA, et al . Regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by curcumin in hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Life Sci 2001;70:253-67. |
| 57. | Banerjee M, Tripathi LM, Srivastava VM, Puri A, Shukla R. Modulation of inflammatory mediators by ibuprofen and curcumin treatment during chronic inflammation in rat. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2003;25:213-24. |
| 58. | Gaddipati JP, Sundar SV, Calemine J, Seth P, Sidhu GS, Maheshwari RK. Differential regulation of cytokines and transcription factors in liver by curcumin following hemorrhage/resuscitation. Shock 2003;19:150-6. |
| 59. | Huang CD, Tliba O, Panettieri RA Jr, Amrani Y. Bradykinin induces interleukin-6 production in human airway smooth muscle cells: Modulation by Th2 cytokines and dexamethasone. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2003;28:330-8. |
| 60. | Xu YX, Pindolia KR, Janakiraman N, Chapman RA, Gautam SC. Curcumin inhibits IL1 alpha and TNF-alpha induction of AP-1 and NF-kB DNA-binding activity in bone marrow stromal cells. Hematopathol Mol Hematol 1997-98;11: 49-62. |
| 61. | Natarajan C, Bright JJ. Curcumin inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by blocking IL-12 signaling through Janus kinase-STAT pathway in T lymphocytes. J Immunol 2002;168:6506-13. |
| 62. | Pendurthi UR, Williums JT, Rao LV. Inhibition of tissue factor gene activation in cultured endothelial cells by curcumin. Suppression of activation of transcription factors Egr-1, AP-1 and NF Kappa B. Arterioscler Thromb Vase Bio 1997;17:3406-13. |
| 63. | Bierhaus A, Zhang Y, Quehenberger P, Luther T, Haase M, Muller M, et al . The dietary pigment curcumin reduces endothelial tissue factor gene expression by inhibiting binding of AP-1 to the DNA and activation of NF-kappa B. Thromb Haemost 1997;77:772-82. |
| 64. | Singh S, Aggarwal BB. Activation of transcription factor NF-kappa B is suppressed by curcumin (diferuloylmethane). J Biol Chem 1995;270:24995-5000. |
| 65. | Brennan P, O'Neill LA. Inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B by direct modification in whole cells--mechanism of action of nordihydroguaiaritic acid, curcumin and thiol modifiers. Biochem Pharmacol 1998;55:965-73. |
| 66. | Jobin C, Bradham CA, Russo MP, Juma B, Narula AS, Brenner DA, Sartor RB. Curcumin blocks cytokine-mediated NF-kappa B activation and proinflammatory gene expression by inhibiting inhibitory factor I-kappa B kinase activity. J Immunol 1999;163:3474-83. |
| 67. | Bremner P, Heinrich M. Natural products as targeted modulators of the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2002;54:453-72. |
| 68. | Sugimoto K, Hanai H, Tozawa K, Aoshi T, Uchijima M, Nagata T, et al . Curcumin prevents and ameliorates trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in mice. Gastroenterology 2002;123:1912-22. |
| 69. | Bharti AC, Donato N, Singh S, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) down-regulates the constitutive activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and IkappaBalpha kinase in human multiple myeloma cells, leading to suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Blood 2003;10:1053-62. |
| 70. | Nanji AA, Jokelainen K, Tipoe GL, Rahemtulla A, Thomas P, Dannenberg AJ. Curcumin prevents alcohol-induced liver disease in rats by inhibiting the expression of NF-kappa B-dependent genes. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2003;284:321-7. |
| 71. | Surh YJ, Chun KS, Cha HH, Han SS, Keum YS, Park KK, et al . Molecular mechanism underlying chemopreventive activities of anti-inflammatory phytochemicals: down regulation of COX-2 and iNOS through suppression of NF-kappa B activation. Mutation Res 2001;480:243-68. |
| 72. | Pan MH, Lin-Shiau SY, Lin JK. Comparative studies on the suppression of nitric oxide synthase by curcumin and its hydrogenated metabolites through down-regulation of Ikappa B kinase and NF kappa B activation in macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol 2000;60:1665-76. |
| 73. | Han SS, Keum YS, Seo HJ, Surh YJ. Curcumin suppresses activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1 induced by phorbol ester in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia cells. J Biochem Mol Biol 2002;35:337-42. |
| 74. | Chun KS, Keum YS, Han SS, Song YS, Kim SH, Surh YJ. Curcumin inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in mouse skin through suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity and NF-kappaB activation. Carcinogenesis 2003;24:1515-24. |
| 75. | Smith RJ. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents: Regulators of the phagocytic secretion of lysosomal enzymes from guinea pig neutrophils. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1978;207:618. |
| 76. | Weismann G. The role of lysozymes in inflammation and disease. Annu Rev Med 1967;18:97. |
| 77. | Becker EL, Henson PM. In vitro studies of immunologically induced secretion of mediators from cell and related phenomena. Adv Immunol 1973;17:93. |
| 78. | Ignaro LJ. Lysosome membrane stabilization in vivo : Effects of steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the integrity of rat liver lysosomes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1972;182:179. |
| 79. | Winter CA. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Annu Rev Pharmacol 1966;6:157. |
| 80. | Sharma OP. Antioxidant activity of curcumin and related compounds. Biochem Pharmacol 1976;25:1811-5. |
| 81. | Unnikrishnan MK, Rao MN. Inhibition of nitrite induced oxidation of hemoglobin by curcuminoids. Pharmazie 1995;50:490-2. |
| 82. | Osawa T, Sugiyama Y, Inayoshi M, Kawakishi S. Antioxidative activity of tetrahydrocurcuminoids. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1995;59:1609-12. |
| 83. | Iqbal M, Sharma SD, Okazaki Y, Fujisawa M, Okada S. Dietary supplementation of curcumin enhances antioxidant and phase II metabolizing enzymes in ddY male mice: Possible role in protection against chemical carcinogenesis and toxicity. Pharmacol Toxicol 2003;92:33-8. |
| 84. | Elizabeth K, Rao MNA. Effect of curcumin on hydroxyl radical generation through Fenton reaction. Int J Pharm 1989;57:173-6. |
| 85. | Elizabeth K, Rao MNA. Oxygen radical scavenging activity of curcumin. Int J Pharm 1990;58:237-40. |
| 86. | Balasubramanyam M, Koteswari AA, Kumar RS, Monickaraj SF, Maheswari JU, Mohan V. Curcumin-induced inhibition of cellular reactive oxygen species generation: Novel therapeutic implications. J Biosc 2003;28:715-21. |
| 87. | Priyadarsini KI, Maity DK, Naik GH, Kumar MS, Unnikrishnan MK, Satav JG, et al . Role of phenolic O-H and methylene hydrogen on the free radical reactions and antioxidant activity of curcumin. Free Radic Biol Med 2003;35:475-84. |
| 88. | Nakayama K, Furusu A, Xu Q, Konta T, Kitamura M. Unexpected transcriptional induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 by proteasome inhibition: involvement of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase-activator protein 1 pathway. J Immunol 2001;167:1145-50. |
| 89. | Joe B, Rao UJ, Lokesh BR. Presence of an acidic glycoprotein in the serum of arthritic rats: modulation by capsaicin and curcumin. Mol Cell Biochem 1997;169:125-34. |
| 90. | Zsila F, Bikadi Z, Simonyi M. Induced circular dichroism spectra reveal binding of the anti-inflammatory curcumin to human alpha1-acid glycoprotein. Bioorg Med Chem 2004;12:3239-4. |
| This article has been cited by | | 1 |
Effects of water additive probiotic, Pediococcus acidilactici on growth performance, feed utilization, hematology, gene expression and disease resistance against Aspergillus flavus of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
|
| Basma M Hendam, Mohammad Bodrul Munir, Moaheda E.H. Eissa, Ehab El-Haroun, Hien van Doan, Thian Hai Chung, El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa | | Animal Feed Science and Technology. 2023; : 115696 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 2 |
Synthesis and evaluation of anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive potentials of biopolymer based curcumin nanoparticle construct: In silico, in vitro and in vivo studies |
|
| Godugu Deepika, Velpula Suresh, Karuna Rupula, Veeresh Bantal, Sashidhar RB | | Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre. 2023; 30: 100381 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 3 |
Application of botanical products as nutraceutical feed additives for improving poultry health and production |
|
| Karim El-Sabrout, Ayman Khalifah, Birendra Mishra | | Veterinary World. 2023; : 369 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 4 |
Curcumin Combats against Organophosphate Pesticides Toxicity: A
Review of the Current Evidence and Molecular Pathways |
|
| Amir Masoud Jafari-Nozad, Amirsajad Jafari, Michael Aschner, Tahereh Farkhondeh, Saeed Samarghandian | | Current Medicinal Chemistry. 2023; 30(20): 2312 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 5 |
Phytosome: An Effective Transdermal Drug Delivery System for Phytoconstituents |
|
| Arezoo Gohari Mahmoudabad, Vahid Shirshahi, Mohsen Mehrabi, Fatemeh Gheybi, Anneh Mohammad Gharravi, Majid Salehi, Alireza Masoudi | | Letters in Drug Design & Discovery. 2023; 20(8): 1020 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 6 |
Nano-Curcumin/Chitosan Modulates Growth, Biochemical, Immune, and Antioxidative Profiles, and the Expression of Related Genes in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus |
|
| Hiam Elabd, Heba H. Mahboub, Shimaa M. R. Salem, Abdelwahab M. Abdelwahab, Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd, Mohamed Shaalan, Sameh H. Ismail, Abdelfattah M. Abdelfattah, A. Khalid, Abdallah Tageldein Mansour, Heba S. Hamed, Hadeer Youssuf | | Fishes. 2023; 8(7): 333 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 7 |
Curcumin: Overview of Extraction Methods, Health Benefits, and Encapsulation and Delivery Using Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions |
|
| Maria D. Ciuca, Radu C. Racovita | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(10): 8874 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 8 |
Green Alternatives as Antimicrobial Agents in Mitigating Periodontal Diseases: A Narrative Review |
|
| Seyed Ali Mosaddad, Ahmed Hussain, Hamid Tebyaniyan | | Microorganisms. 2023; 11(5): 1269 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 9 |
Phytochemicals Modify the Action of Cancer Cells Mitochondrial Drug-Resistance Mechanism |
|
| Subha Das | | Sciences of Pharmacy. 2023; 2(3): 79 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 10 |
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of methanolic extract of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. leaves (Arecaceae) and its fractions |
|
| Sene Madičye, Sylva Barboza Firmin, Sarr Abdou, Kine Dione Fatou, Diatta Charlot, Ndiaye Mamadou, Ndiaye-Sy Awa, Yoro Sy Guata | | African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2023; 17(2): 43 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 11 |
Phytosomes and Recent research on Phytosomal Drugs |
|
| Soniya L. Kattyar, Pravin S. Patil, Sachin V. Patil, Satwashila S. Kadam | | Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2022; : 61 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 12 |
Detection of nonpermitted food color metanil yellow in turmeric: A threat to the public health and Ayurvedic drug industry |
|
| Abhineet Verma, Satyen Saha, ShobhaK Bhat | | Journal of Ayurveda. 2022; 16(2): 134 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 13 |
Dietary Curcumin Supplementation Enhanced Ammonia Nitrogen Stress Tolerance in Greater Amberjack (Seriola dumerili): Growth, Serum Biochemistry and Expression of Stress-Related Genes |
|
| Jiawei Hong, Zhengyi Fu, Jing Hu, Shengjie Zhou, Gang Yu, Zhenhua Ma | | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2022; 10(11): 1796 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 14 |
Long-Term Feeding with Curcumin Affects the Growth, Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Status, Tissue Histoarchitecture, Immune Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines, and Apoptosis Indicators in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus |
|
| Shimaa A. Amer, Doaa A. El-Araby, Haitham Tartor, Mahmoud Farahat, Nehal I. A. Goda, Mohamed F. M. Farag, Esraa M. Fahmy, Aziza M. Hassan, Mohamed F. Abo El-Maati, Ali Osman | | Antioxidants. 2022; 11(5): 937 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 15 |
THE ROLE OF HERBAL IMMUNOMODULATORS AS ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR ASYMPTOMATIC AND MILDLY SYMPTOMATIC COVID-19: AN EXPLORATORY CLINICAL STUDY |
|
| JAYANTHI CR, AVINASH HR, SWETHA SRIDHAR, AKILA K, SRUTHI NAMBIAR, BABU UV, RAJESH KUMAWAT | | Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2022; : 78 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 16 |
Peran Serbuk Kunyit dan Kurkumin Terhadap Diferensial Leukosit Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diberi Pakan Hiperlipid |
|
| Nuryanti Nuryanti, Teguh Suprihatin, Tyas Rini Saraswati | | Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi. 2022; 7(1): 42 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 17 |
The effect of dietary nanocurcumin on the growth performance, body composition, haemato-biochemical parameters and histopathological scores of the Nile tilapia (
Oreochromis niloticus
) challenged with
Aspe |
|
| El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa, Omaima H. Ezzo, Hala Saber Khalil, Wesam Ahmed Tawfik, Ashraf A. El-Badawi, Nadia A. Abd Elghany, Monga I. Mossa, Montaser M. Hassan, Mohamed M. Hassan, Moaheda E. H. Eissa, Manal E. Shafi, Awatef Hamed Hamouda | | Aquaculture Research. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 18 |
Advanced Practical Strategies to Enhance Table Egg Production |
|
| Karim El-Sabrout, Sarah Aggag, Birendra Mishra, Luis T. Ortiz | | Scientifica. 2022; 2022: 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 19 |
Pegylated Curcumin Derivative: Water-Soluble Conjugates with Antitumor and Antibacterial Activity |
|
| Guldjan Yakub, Nevena E. Manolova, Iliya B. Rashkov, Nadya Markova, Reneta Toshkova, Ani Georgieva, Rosica Mincheva, Antoniya Toncheva, Jean-Marie Raquez, Philippe Dubois | | ACS Omega. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 20 |
In-vivo and in vitro assessments of the radioprotective potential natural and chemical compounds: A review |
|
| Anis Javadi, Mohammad Reza Nikhbakht, Javad Ghasemian Yadegari, Auob Rustamzadeh, Mohsen Mohammadi, Alireza Shirazinejad, Saleh Azadbakht, Zahra Abdi | | International Journal of Radiation Biology. 2022; : 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 21 |
Role of SARS-CoV-2-induced Cytokine Storm in Multi-Organ Failure: Molecular Pathways and Potential Therapeutic Options |
|
| Yasaman Nazerian, Mobina Ghasemi, Younes Yassaghi, Amirhossein Nazerian, Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi | | International Immunopharmacology. 2022; : 109428 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 22 |
Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of novel heteropolysaccharide isolated from
Lobularia maritima
on CCl4-induced liver injury in rats
|
|
| Anis Ben Hsouna, Mbarka Hfaiedh, Sirine Ben Slima, Walid Ben Romdhane, Boutheina Ben Akacha, Mohamed Taieb Bouterra, Wissal Dhifi, Wissem Mnif, Faical Brini, Rania Ben Saad, Riadh Ben Salah | | Food Science & Nutrition. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 23 |
Curcumin alters distinct molecular pathways in breast cancer subtypes revealed by integrated
miRNA
/
mRNA
expression analysis
|
|
| Snehal Nirgude, Sagar Desai, Bibha Choudhary | | Cancer Reports. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 24 |
Dermocosmetic evaluation of a nutricosmetic formulation based on
Curcuma
|
|
| Ritamaria Di Lorenzo, Lucia Grumetto, Antonia Sacchi, Sonia Laneri, Irene Dini | | Phytotherapy Research. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 25 |
Topical treatment for the prevention and relief of nipple fissure and pain in breastfeeding women: A systematic review |
|
| Azin Niazi, Vafa Baradaran Rahimi, Nafiseh Askari, Pouria Rahmanian-Devin, Vahid Reza Askari | | Advances in Integrative Medicine. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 26 |
A review of therapeutic potentials of turmeric (
Curcuma longa
) and its active constituent, curcumin, on inflammatory disorders, pain, and their related patents
|
|
| Bibi Marjan Razavi, Mahboobeh Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar, Hossein Hosseinzadeh | | Phytotherapy Research. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 27 |
Successful Ayurvedic Management of Dermatophytosis–A case study |
|
| Neelam K. Singh, Alok S. Sengar, Bipin B. Khuntia, Om Prakash | | Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine. 2021; : 100491 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 28 |
The effect of curcumin as an adjunct in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
|
| Sherry Terby, Mohammed Shereef, Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan, Biju Balakrishnan | | The Saudi Dental Journal. 2021; 33(7): 375 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 29 |
ASPP 092, a phenolic diarylheptanoid from Curcuma comosa suppresses experimentally-induced inflammatory ear edema in mice |
|
| Aporn Chuncharunee, Poonyawee Khosuk, Rajitpan Naovarat, Feroze Kaliyadan, Gopinathan Pillai Sreekanth | | Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021; 28(10): 5937 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 30 |
Curcumin and its different forms: A review on fish nutrition |
|
| Mahmoud Alagawany, Mayada R. Farag, Sameh A. Abdelnour, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood, Shaaban S. Elnesr, Kuldeep Dhama | | Aquaculture. 2021; 532: 736030 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 31 |
Effects of Curcuma as an adjunct therapy on periodontal disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
|
| Rubelisa Cândido Gomes de Oliveira, Camila Alves Costa, Nádia Lago Costa, Gabriela Camilo Silva, Joăo Antônio Chaves de Souza | | Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2021; 45: 101493 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 32 |
Design and optimization of pellets formulation containing curcumin ascorbic acid co-amorphous mixture for ulcerative colitis management |
|
| Ajay Bhagwat, Inayat Bashir Pathan, Nahid Anjum Hafizuddin Chishti | | Particulate Science and Technology. 2021; 39(7): 859 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 33 |
Immunological and antioxidant role of curcumin in ameliorating fipronil toxicity in Nile tilapia (
Oreochromis niloticus
)
|
|
| Nevien Abdelkhalek, Mohamed El-Adl, Ahmed El-Ashram, Mayar Othman, Hossam Gadallah, Mohamed El-Diasty, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood, Rafa Almeer, Mohamed Abdel Daim | | Aquaculture Research. 2021; 52(6): 2791 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 34 |
Potential protective roles of curcumin against cadmium-induced toxicity and oxidative stress |
|
| Jae Hyeon Park, Byung Mu Lee, Hyung Sik Kim | | Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B. 2021; 24(3): 95 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 35 |
Identifying key components and therapeutic targets of the immune system in hidradenitis suppurativa with an emphasis on neutrophils |
|
| S. Narla, M. Azzam, S. Townsend, G. Vellaichamy, A.V. Marzano, A. Alavi, M.A. Lowes, I.H. Hamzavi | | British Journal of Dermatology. 2021; 184(6): 1004 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 36 |
An Investigation of the Effect of Curcumin on Fructose-Induced Metabolic Syndrome Rat Models |
|
| Suzan MURATOGLU SEVERCAN, Gülce KOCA, Çinar SEVERCAN, Canan YILMAZ, Özge PASAOGLU, Hatice PASAOGLU | | Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity. 2021; 5(3): 241 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 37 |
Spices, Condiments, Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Aromas as Not Only Flavorings, but Precious Allies for Our Wellbeing |
|
| Irene Dini, Sonia Laneri | | Antioxidants. 2021; 10(6): 868 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 38 |
Comparative evaluation of a modified endodontic approach using Curcuma longa L. and conventional pulpectomy in primary molars: A randomized clinical trial |
|
| PuttaSai Sahiti, Rekhalakshmi Kamatham | | AYU (An international quarterly journal of research in Ayurveda). 2021; 42(3): 130 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 39 |
A case report on the management of fistula-in-ano by modified conventional ksharasutra therapy: A sphincter-saving technique |
|
| NasreenHanifa Barbhuiya, K Aishwarya, Rahul Sherkhane, Vyasadeva Mahanta, SanjayKumar Gupta | | Journal of Ayurveda. 2021; 15(2): 104 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 40 |
Antioxidant activity of Curcumin |
|
| Aya Alabdali, Marwah Kzar, Sasikala Chinnappan, Mogana R, Shaik Ibrahim Khalivulla, Rahman H, Basma M. Abd Razik | | Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; : 6741 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 41 |
Turmeric Mixed Honey Topical Application Enhances Healing, is Safe and Economical in Chronic Wounds |
|
| Amulya Mohan Acharya, Sai Bharat Sunkara, Bagmi Biswabara Panda | | Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare. 2020; 7(28): 1342 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 42 |
Study of Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Genotoxicity, and Antimicrobial Activities and Analysis of Different Constituents found in Rhizome Essential Oil of Curcuma caesia Roxb., Collected from North East India |
|
| Manabi Paw, Roktim Gogoi, Neelav Sarma, Sudin K. Pandey, Angana Borah, Twahira Begum, Mohan Lal | | Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. 2020; 21(5): 403 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 43 |
Immunomodulatory effect of curcumin on hepatic cirrhosis in experimental rats |
|
| Mabrouk A. Abo-Zaid, Emad S. Shaheen, Ahmed H. Ismail | | Journal of Food Biochemistry. 2020; 44(6) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 44 |
Comparative Effects of Curcumin versus Nano-Curcumin on Insulin Resistance, Serum Levels of Apelin and Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Rats |
|
| Ali Shamsi-Goushki, Zinat Mortazavi, Mohammad Ali Mirshekar, Mahdi Mohammadi, Nasroallah Moradi-Kor, Saber Jafari-Maskouni, Mansour Shahraki | | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy. 2020; Volume 13: 2337 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 45 |
Antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials of curcuminoid isolates from turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizome on CCl4-induced hepatic damage in Wistar rats |
|
| Jonathan Ibrahim, Adamu Yusuf Kabiru, Tawakaltu Abdulrasheed-Adeleke, Bashir Lawal, Abdulsalam Hassan Adewuyi | | Journal of Taibah University for Science. 2020; 14(1): 908 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 46 |
Decrease Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor - Alpha (TNF - a) and Sperm Count Increase in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Model with Turmeric Rhizome (Curcuma longa L) Extract |
|
| H Pratiwi, B G Sabirosi, D Winarso | | Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2020; 1430(1): 012006 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 47 |
Curcumin analogs as the inhibitors of TLR4 pathway in inflammation and their drug like potentialities: a computer-based study |
|
| Md. Asad Ullah, Fatema Tuz Johora, Bishajit Sarkar, Yusha Araf, MD. Hasanur Rahman | | Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction. 2020; 40(4): 324 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 48 |
Role of turmeric supplementation on production, physical and biochemical parameters in laying hens |
|
| Devvrat Kosti, D. S. Dahiya, Rajesh Dalal, B. S. Tewatia, Kennady Vijayalakshmy | | World's Poultry Science Journal. 2020; 76(3): 625 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 49 |
Nanoscaled Biodegradable Metal–Polymeric Three-Dimensional Framework for Endothelial Cell Patterning and Sustained Angiogenesis |
|
| Dharunya Govindarajan, Rachita Lakra, Purna Sai Korapatti, Jayavel Ramasamy, Manikantan Syamala Kiran | | ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering. 2019; 5(5): 2519 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 50 |
Anticancer Herbs for Improving the Quality of Life |
|
| Darakhshan Qaiser, Anurag Srivastava, Afshan Qaiser | | International Annals of Science. 2018; 5(1): 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 51 |
Comparative evaluation of efficacy of oral curcumin gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis |
|
| DeepakHarish Dave, Phoram Patel, Monali Shah, SarvagnaMayank Dadawala, Kevin Saraiya, AnkitVilas Sant | | Advances in Human Biology. 2018; 8(2): 79 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 52 |
Integration of ayurveda and conventional medicine for chronic wound healing |
|
| Anupama Kizhakkeveettil, Christie Smirl, Jayagopal Parla | | Ancient Science of Life. 2018; 37(3): 168 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 53 |
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF CURCUMIN WITH DIFFERENT NSAIDS |
|
| Navpreet Kaur, Sharanjit Kaur, Sumeet Gupta, Samrat Chauhan, Ipshita Chattopadhyaya | | INDIAN DRUGS. 2018; 55(07): 72 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 54 |
Dicationic Ruthenium(II)–Arene–Curcumin Complexes Containing Methylated 1,3,5-Triaza-7-phosphaadamantane: Synthesis, Structure, and Cytotoxicity |
|
| Riccardo Pettinari, Francesca Condello, Fabio Marchetti, Claudio Pettinari, Piotr Smolenski, Tina Riedel, Rosario Scopelliti, Paul J. Dyson | | European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2017; 2017(22): 2905 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 55 |
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF BERBERINE AND CURCUMIN IN AN AYURVEDIC FORMULATION |
|
| K. P Parekh, A. P. Jadhav | | INDIAN DRUGS. 2016; 53(08): 48 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 56 |
Antioxidant properties of curcuminoids isolated from Curcuma longa L. |
|
| Silvia Mošovská, Patrícia Petáková, Michal Kalinák, Anna Mikulajová | | Acta Chimica Slovaca. 2016; 9(2): 130 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 57 |
An in vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Curcumin against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans |
|
| Kishore Bhat, Abdulpur Mallikarjun Savita, Charu Dawra | | World Journal of Dentistry. 2015; 6(1): 16 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 58 |
Curcumin nanoemulsion for transdermal application: formulation and evaluation |
|
| Heni Rachmawati,Dewa Ken Budiputra,Rachmat Mauludin | | Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 2014; : 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 59 |
The Attenuation of Pain Behavior and Serum COX-2 Concentration by Curcumin in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain |
|
| Taraneh Moini Zanjani,Haleh Ameli,Farzaneh Labibi,Katayoun Sedaghat,Masoumeh Sabetkasaei | | The Korean Journal of Pain. 2014; 27(3): 246 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 60 |
Effects of Novel Diarylpentanoid Analogues of Curcumin on Secretory Phospholipase A2, Cyclooxygenases, Lipo-oxygenase, and Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 |
|
| Waqas Ahmad,Endang Kumolosasi,Ibrahim Jantan,Syed N. A. Bukhari,Malina Jasamai | | Chemical Biology & Drug Design. 2014; 83(6): 670 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 61 |
Curcumin Attenuates CFA Induced Thermal Hyperalgesia by Modulation of Antioxidant Enzymes and Down Regulation of TNF-a, IL-1ß and IL-6 |
|
| Ajeet Kumar Singh,Manjula Vinayak | | Neurochemical Research. 2014; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 62 |
Recent developments in chemistry and biology of curcumin analogues |
|
| Khemraj Bairwa,Jagdeep Grover,Mihir Kania,Sanjay M. Jachak | | RSC Advances. 2014; 4(27): 13946 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 63 |
Effect of Ultrasound and Stabilizers on Nucleation Kinetics of Curcumin during Liquid Antisolvent Precipitation |
|
| Sameer V. Dalvi,Manishkumar D. Yadav | | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 2014; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 64 |
Synergistic effect of the interaction between curcumin and diclofenac on the formalin test in rats |
|
| Marco A. De Paz-Campos,Mario I. Ortiz,Aracely E. Chávez Pińa,Liliana Zazueta-Beltrán,Gilberto Castańeda-Hernández | | Phytomedicine. 2014; 21(12): 1543 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 65 |
In vitro inhibition of Eimeria tenella invasion of epithelial cells by phytochemicals |
|
| S.A. Burt,M.H.G. Tersteeg-Zijderveld,B.G.M. Jongerius-Gortemaker,L. Vervelde,J.C.M. Vernooij | | Veterinary Parasitology. 2013; 191(3-4): 374 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 66 |
Biological activity, design, synthesis and structure activity relationship of some novel derivatives of curcumin containing sulfonamides |
|
| Jaggi Lal,Sushil K. Gupta,D. Thavaselvam,Dau D. Agarwal | | European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2013; 64: 579 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 67 |
Influence of curcumin-loaded cationic liposome on anticancer activity for cervical cancer therapy |
|
| Nattika Saengkrit,Somsak Saesoo,Wanwisa Srinuanchai,Sarunya Phunpee,Uracha Rungsardthong Ruktanonchai | | Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 2013; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 68 |
Structural modeling and simulation studies of human cyclooxygenase (COX) isozymes with selected terpenes: Implications in drug designing and development |
|
| Swati Singh,Veda P Pandey,Huma Naaz,Priyanka Singh,Upendra N. Dwivedi | | Computers in Biology and Medicine. 2013; 43(6): 744 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 69 |
Synthesis and antitumor properties of novel curcumin analogs |
|
| Hui Luo,Shengjie Yang,Qi Zhao,Hongmei Xiang | | Medicinal Chemistry Research. 2013; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 70 |
Hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa on thioacetamide induced liver cirrhosis in rats |
|
| Suzy M Salama,Mahmood Ameen Abdulla,Ahmed S AlRashdi,Salmah Ismail,Salim S Alkiyumi,Shahram Golbabapour | | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013; 13(1): 56 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 71 |
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Curcumin Analogues |
|
| Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari,Ibrahim Bin Jantan,Malina Jasamai,Waqas Ahmad,Muhammad Wahab Bin Amjad | | Journal of Medical Sciences(Faisalabad). 2013; 13(7): 501 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 72 |
Effects of diarylpentanoid analogues of curcumin on chemiluminescence and chemotactic activities of phagocytes : Immunomodulatory effects of diarylpentanoids |
|
| Ibrahim Jantan, Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari, Nordin Haji Lajis, Faridah Abas, Lam Kok Wai, Malina Jasamai | | Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2012; : no | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 73 |
Curcumin and Tetrahydrocurcumin Restore the Impairment of Endothelium-dependent Vasorelaxation Induced by Homocysteine Thiolactone in Rat Aortic Rings |
|
| P. Tep-areena, A. Suksamrarn | | International Journal of Pharmacology. 2012; 8(2): 128 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 74 |
Antinociceptive profiles and mechanisms of orally administered curcumin in various pain models |
|
| Soo-Hyun Park, Yun-Beom Sim, Seon-Mi Kim, Yu-Jung Kang, Jin-Koo Lee, Hong-Won Suh | | Journal of the Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry. 2012; 55(1): 57 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 75 |
Fabrication and characterization of curcumin-releasing silk fibroin scaffold |
|
| Naresh Kasoju,Utpal Bora | | Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials. 2012; 100B(7): 1854 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 76 |
Molecular docking studies of curcumin analogs with phospholipase A2 |
|
| K. V. Dileep, Ignatius Tintu, C. Sadasivan | | Interdisciplinary Sciences Computational Life Sciences. 2011; 3(3): 189 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 77 |
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 1,7-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione |
|
| S. G. Bubbly, S. B. Gudennavar, D. Viswam, C. Sudarsanakumar | | Journal of Chemical Crystallography. 2011; 41(2): 175 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 78 |
Crystal Structures of 1,7-Bis(furyl)-4-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione and 1,7-bis(thienyl)-4-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione |
|
| S. G. Bubbly, S. B. Gudennavar, D. Viswam, C. Sudarsanakumar | | Journal of Chemical Crystallography. 2011; | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 79 |
Multitargeting by curcumin as revealed by molecular interaction studies |
|
| Subash C. Gupta, Sahdeo Prasad, Ji Hye Kim, Sridevi Patchva, Lauren J. Webb, Indira K. Priyadarsini, Bharat B. Aggarwal | | Natural Product Reports. 2011; 28(12): 1937 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 80 |
Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Ethanolic Leaf Extract ofEupatorium adenophorumSpreng. Through Alteration in Production of TNF-a, ROS and Expression of Certain Genes |
|
| Ashim K. Chakravarty,Tamal Mazumder,Shankar N. Chatterjee | | Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2011; 2011: 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 81 |
Synergistic activity of curcumin with methotrexate in ameliorating Freundćs Complete Adjuvant induced arthritis with reduced hepatotoxicity in experimental animals |
|
| David Banji, Jyothi Pinnapureddy, Otilia J.F. Banji, A. Saidulu, Md. Sikinder Hayath | | European Journal of Pharmacology. 2011; | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 82 |
Protective effect of curcumin on experimentally induced inflammation, hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity in rats: Evidence of its antioxidant property |
|
| Suresh R Naik, Vishnu N Thakare, Snehal R Patil | | Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology. 2011; 63(5): 419 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 83 |
Release Characteristic and Stability of Curcumin Incorporated in -Chitin Non-Woven Fibrous Sheet Using Tween 20 as an Emulsifier |
|
| Pakavadee Ratanajiajaroen, Anyarat Watthanaphanit, Hiroshi Tamura, Seiichi Tokura, Ratana Rujiravanit | | European Polymer Journal. 2011; | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 84 |
Release characteristic and stability of curcumin incorporated in β-chitin non-woven fibrous sheet using Tween 20 as an emulsifier |
|
| Pakavadee Ratanajiajaroen, Anyarat Watthanaphanit, Hiroshi Tamura, Seiichi Tokura, Ratana Rujiravanit | | European Polymer Journal. 2011; | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 85 |
A comprehensive investigation of anti-inflammatory diarylheptanoids from the leaves of Alnus formosana |
|
| Yi-Chun Lai, Chien-Kuang Chen, Wan-Wan Lin, Shoei-Sheng Lee | | Phytochemistry. 2011; | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 86 |
Advances of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology in Gastroenterology and Hepatology : |
|
| Joseph Prandota | | American Journal of Therapeutics. 2010; 17(5): e137 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 87 |
Novel Thermally Cross-Linkable Poly[(arylenedioxy)(diorganylsilylene)]s Based on Curcumin: Synthesis and Characterization |
|
| Indraneil Mukherjee, Kerry Drake, David Berke-Schlessel, Peter I. Lelkes, Jui-Ming Yeh, Yen Wei | | Macromolecules. 2010; 43(7): 3277 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 88 |
Traditional herbal medicine in Far-west Nepal: A pharmacological appraisal |
|
| Kunwar, R.M., Shrestha, K.P., Bussmann, R.W. | | Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 2010; 6(art 35) | | [Pubmed] | | | 89 |
Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity and potency of herbal formulation consists of different proportions of Curcuma longa and Boswellia Serrata by using cotton pellet granuloma and xylene induced mice ear edema model |
|
| Mishra, N.K., Allan, J.J. | | International Journal of PharmTech Research. 2010; 2(3): 1855-1860 | | [Pubmed] | | | 90 |
An insight into the chemopreventive role of curcumin and quercetin during promotional phase of benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung carcinogenesis in mice |
|
| Nair, P., Malhotra, A., Dhawan, D.K. | | Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry. 2010; 92(6): 1187-1197 | | [Pubmed] | | | 91 |
Novel thermally cross-linkable poly[(arylenedioxy)(diorganylsilylene)]s based on curcumin: Synthesis and characterization |
|
| Mukherjee, I., Drake, K., Berke-Schlessel, D., Lelkes, P.I., Yeh, J.-M., Wei, Y. | | Macromolecules. 2010; 43(7): 3277-3285 | | [Pubmed] | | | 92 |
Traditional herbal medicine in Far-west Nepal: a pharmacological appraisal |
|
| Ripu M Kunwar, Keshab P Shrestha, Rainer W Bussmann | | Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 2010; 6(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 93 |
Curcumin potentiates the anti-inflammatory activity of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in the cotton pellet granuloma pouch model |
|
| Nandal, S., Dhir, A., Kuhad, A., Sharma, S., Chopra, K. | | Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology. 2009; 31(2): 89-93 | | [Pubmed] | | | 94 |
Direct analysis of curcumin in turmeric by DART-MS |
|
| Kim, H.J., Jang, Y.P. | | Phytochemical Analysis. 2009; 20(5): 372-377 | | [Pubmed] | | | 95 |
Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase by curcumin: Investigation by simulated molecular docking and subsequent in vitro/in vivo evaluation |
|
| Bustanji, Y., Taha, M.O., Almasri, I.M., Al-Ghussein, M.A.S., Mohammad, M.K., Alkhatib, H.S. | | Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry. 2009; 24(3): 771-778 | | [Pubmed] | | | 96 |
The combination effect of curcumin with different antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus |
|
| Moghaddam, K., Iranshahi, M., Yazdi, M., Shahverdi, A. | | International Journal of Green Pharmacy. 2009; 3(2): 141-143 | | [Pubmed] | | | 97 |
Evaluation of antihyperalgesic effect of curcumin on formalin-induced orofacial pain in rat |
|
| Mittal, N., Joshi, R., Hota, D., Chakrabarti, A. | | Phytotherapy Research. 2009; 23(4): 507-512 | | [Pubmed] | | | 98 |
Roles of curcumin in preventing pathogenesis of Alzheimerćs disease |
|
| Pratchayasaku, W., Pongruangporn, M., Chattipakorn, N., Chattipakorn, S. | | Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research. 2009; 7(1): 11-26 | | [Pubmed] | | | 99 |
Synthetic curcumin inhibits carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats |
|
| Buadonpri, W., Wichitnithad, W., Rojsitthisak, P., Towiwat, P. | | Journal of Health Research. 2009; 23(1): 11-16 | | [Pubmed] | | | 100 |
Direct analysis of curcumin in turmeric by DART-MS |
|
| Hye Jin Kim,Young Pyo Jang | | Phytochemical Analysis. 2009; 20(5): 372 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 101 |
Evaluation of antihyperalgesic effect of curcumin on formalin-induced orofacial pain in rat |
|
| Niti Mittal,Rupa Joshi,Debasish Hota,Amitava Chakrabarti | | Phytotherapy Research. 2009; 23(4): 507 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 102 |
Evaluation of the radioprotective effect of turmeric extract and vitamin E in mice exposed to therapeutic dose of radioiodine |
|
| Bhartiya, U.S., Raut, Y.S., Joseph, L.J., Hawaldar, R.W., Rao, B.S. | | Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry. 2008; 23(4): 382-386 | | [Pubmed] | | | 103 |
A comparative study of radioprotection by four Indian medicinal herbs against genotoxicity induced by sub-lethal gamma irradiation in Swiss albino mice |
|
| Adhvaryu, M.R., Srivastav, S.P., Vaniawala, S.N., Reddy, M.N. | | Iranian Journal of Radiation Research. 2008; 6(1): 19-30 | | [Pubmed] | | | 104 |
Dose dependence and therapeutic window for the neuroprotective effects of curcumin in thromboembolic model of rat |
|
| Dohare, P., Garg, P., Jain, V., Nath, C., Ray, M. | | Behavioural Brain Research. 2008; 193(2): 289-297 | | [Pubmed] | | | 105 |
Natural product and drugs interactions, its clinical implication in drug therapy management |
|
| Joshi, R., Medhi, B. | | Saudi Medical Journal. 2008; 29(3): 333-339 | | [Pubmed] | | | 106 |
Curcumin prevents human dendritic cell response to immune stimulants |
|
| Shirley, S.A., Montpetit, A.J., Lockey, R.F., Mohapatra, S.S. | | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2008; 374(3): 431-436 | | [Pubmed] | | | 107 |
Recent advances in the investigation of curcuminoids |
|
| Itokawa, H., Shi, Q., Akiyama, T., Morris-Natschke, S.L., Lee, K.-H. | | Chinese Medicine. 2008; 3(art 11) | | [Pubmed] | | | 108 |
Antiinflammatory activity of a polyherbal formulation |
|
| Deorukhakar, S.R., Dethe, A., Vohra, R.R., Ghosh, R., Chaudhary, J., Kadam, V. | | Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2008; 70(6): 785-787 | | [Pubmed] | | | 109 |
Dose dependence and therapeutic window for the neuroprotective effects of curcumin in thromboembolic model of rat |
|
| Preeti Dohare, Puja Garg, Vikas Jain, Chandishwar Nath, Madhur Ray | | Behavioural Brain Research. 2008; 193(2): 289 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 110 |
Curcumin prevents human dendritic cell response to immune stimulants |
|
| Shawna A. Shirley, Alison J. Montpetit, R.F. Lockey, Shyam S. Mohapatra | | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2008; 374(3): 431 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 111 |
Recent advances in the investigation of curcuminoids |
|
| Hideji Itokawa, Qian Shi, Toshiyuki Akiyama, Susan L Morris-Natschke, Kuo-Hsiung Lee | | Chinese Medicine. 2008; 3(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 112 |
Nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of curcuminoids |
|
| Osawa, T. | | Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 2007; 595: 407-423 | | [Pubmed] | | | 113 |
Regulation of COX and LOX by curcumin |
|
| Rao, C.V. | | Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 2007; 595: 213-226 | | [Pubmed] | | | 114 |
HPLC-photodiode array detection analysis of curcuminoids in Curcuma species indigenous to Indonesia |
|
| Bos, R., Windono, T., Woerdenbag, H.J., Boersma, Y.L., Koulman, A., Kayser, O. | | Phytochemical Analysis. 2007; 18(2): 118-122 | | [Pubmed] | | | 115 |
Effects of four Indian medicinal herbs on Isoniazid-, Rifampicin- and Pyrazinamide-induced hepatic injury and immunosuppression in guinea pigs |
|
| Adhvaryu, M.R., Reddy, N., Parabia, M.H. | | World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2007; 13(23): 3199-3205 | | [Pubmed] | | | 116 |
Effect of selected natural products, thioproline and pegasys® on hepatic platelet activating factor (PAF) in CCL4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats |
|
| Badria, F.A., Attia, H.A. | | Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 2007; 15(2): 96-104 | | [Pubmed] | | | 117 |
HPLC-photodiode array detection analysis of curcuminoids inCurcuma species indigenous to Indonesia |
|
| Rein Bos,Tri Windono,Herman J. Woerdenbag,Ykelien L. Boersma,Albert Koulman,Oliver Kayser | | Phytochemical Analysis. 2007; 18(2): 118 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
